Speaker
Prof.
Emiliya Zhuravskaya
(Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences)
Description
The main problem of cardiology, that society faces, is the acute heart failure (AHF). Many factors have effect on the development of cardiovascular diseases. The primary reasons of myocardial infarction and stroke are hypertension and sclerosis that lead, with time, to calcification and contraction of arteries which prevents blood to enter heart and brain. In heart vessels an atherosclerotic plaque forms which closing a vascular lumen, causes IDH, and myocardial infarction. Therefore, studying the deep mechanisms of plaque formation is the focus of attention. The atherosclerotic processes in heart vessels may be explained by several theories that account for the complex processes of atherogenesis. Many papers are devoted to the cellular composition of plaques. Little, however, is known about the element composition of the atherosclerotic nidus of coronary vessels. Elucidating the content and ratio of chemical elements upon plaque formation in heart vessels may substantially supplement the missing stages of this process.
The goal of this study is to determine and estimate a complex of chemical elements in the substrates of the atherosclerotic nidus of human heart vessels.
The method of X-ray fluorescence analysis with synchrotron radiation (SRXRF) (VEPP-3, store ring) was used in Center "Siberian Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation Center (SSTRC)" to study the content of chemical elements in vascular walls and in atherosclerotic plaques (stable and unstable) drawn from men after operative therapy. As the amount of material for studying is limited, we have developed a special technique for preparing the samples of vascular and plaque tissues.
We measured the concentrations of K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Sr, Zr, and Pb. A comparison was made of the content of elements in the tissues of heart vessels with atherosclerotic plaques and of the element compositions of stable and unstable plaques. In all the samples studied, prevailing is Ca, particularly in instable plaques. The concentrations of K, Ca, Cr, Mn,Fe, Ni, Zn and Br in atherosclerotic plaques are much higher than in the vascular tissues of heart. At the background of predominant Ca no reliable difference has been revealed in the elements measured in stable and unstable plaques. A high association of Ca with Fe, Zn, and Sr has been recorded in the atherosclerotic plaques.
Thus, the SRXRF method has first allowed one to determine the multielement composition in the substrates of the atherosclerotic nidus of human heart vessels.
Primary author
Prof.
Emiliya Zhuravskaya
(Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences)
Co-authors
Olga Chankina
(Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences)
Dr
Tatiyana Savchenko
(Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences)
Yana Polonskaya
(Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences)
